49. Surah Al-Hujurat (The Private Quarters) is the 49th chapter of the Qur'an, containing 18 verses. It is a Medinan Surah that functions as the foundational ethical manifesto of Islamic society. While preceding chapters focused on external geopolitics—such as armed conflict (Surah Muhammad) and international diplomacy (Surah Al-Fath)—Surah Al-Hujurat turns entirely inward. It addresses the internal social framework, etiquette, and moral boundaries required to sustain a healthy, unified civilization. Because of this, it is universally referred to by scholars as Surat al-Akhlaq (The Chapter of Morals and Etiquette).